Manufacture of paper containers



Oct. 30, 1923. 11,472,446)

M. M. SCHWER MANUFACTURE OF PAPER, CONTAINERS Filed Nov. 25 1922 W FEW TOR ample, bodies composed of paper and adapt ed to have, or to have attached thereto, hottom-forming walls and to then serve as containers for milk and other substances. The

- invention contemplates placin the body to -be formed on a tapercd manl and then applying gconstricting pressure to the body m a zone cutting the tapered portion of the mandrel and simultaneously causing relative rotation around the axis of the body as between the said body; and the pressure-applying medium and a o efl'ecting movement of one of the latter relatively to the other lengthwise of said axis and so that said pressure will progress in the direction of convergence of the taper. The result of this procedure will be to produce folds or creases which all lap in the same direction around the axis of the body but which are generated indiscriminately as to position lengthwise of the body and as to spacing from each other and whose extent or length varies, but

which in most cases, though not invariably, extend to the transverse plane where the treatment i terminated, wherever they may start, and usually, though not invariably, increase in width from the point of generation clear to said plane. The advantages, anion others, are that the product can he lorme quickly and with the use of very simple means and that difierent degrees or kinds of taper may be produced without change of any kind except of one mandrel for another. Usually for milk bottles and the like the sheet material may be paper that is impregnated or otherwise char d with parafin wax or any equivalent tadiy substance that will impart to the paper the quality of retaining folds or creases formed therein in a way now well known in the art of manufac- Q5, i522. enial I30. (illihlfili.

the host form oi the invention and in the example herein illustrated and described that is the case, the pressure one medium heing an attenuated em'ble device, such as a cord or When the pressnre-applying medi is adapted to apply the pres so that it acts at snhstantifly every int in a circumferential line around the a lady he'ing treated, rather than at intervals in such line, the creases or folds will he generated at frequent intervals, which improve the appearance of the article and also a a M its greater stability and desirably reduce the width of the creases or folds where, at the mailer part of the taper, they develop into their greatest width.

Ha thns outlined m invention l now describe one way in "which it may he performed and an apparatus which may he used for the purpose.

in the dra Fig. 1 is a fi'ont elevation, pamly in sec tion, of an apparatns tor forming tahular bodies composed oi yiel sheet material with tapering portions in accordance with this invention;

Figs. 2 and 3 are fiagmentary elevations, I

ferent stages of further shaping a portion which adjoins the thus-tapered portion;

Fig. a is a fragmentary side elevation of the article producw by said apparatus; and

5 i a or view hat showing a part of the article in section and after it has undergone a shaping operation performed thereon dependently oil this invention.

The tuh body A of sheet material, as paper charged with para wax, is pl on a mandrel comprising a in drical ortion a, which snugly fits the hody A, an a ta red portion a; one end of the body A is Lil with. that of themmdrel, both heing at right he to their axis, hat the other end of the hody A projects heyond the tapered .end of the mandreh ormer having a square plu t to fit a correspon recess in the an of the ndrel and the latter having n i w cylindrical hoss'd cl the aller en of the portion a and adapted to have dowel-connection the htly geater dieter than I mandrel as indicated-at c" (Fig. 1) as will appear the boss at is an enlarged extension, in effect, of the mandrel, although it is separable therefrom.

The face plate I; is part of a rotary driving member which includes the shaft e on which the face plate is arranged and a pulley f, also on the shaft, said shaft being journaled in a stand 9; h is a belt for drivmg the pulley.

he face plate n has a cone hearing at 2' on the end of a spindle j on which it is suitably swiveled. This spindle is splined in a stand is and may be advanced toward or retracted from face plate 6, so that the two face plates may be made to clamp or release the mandrel and body A, by the threaded stem or screw 1 engaged with the spindle and swiveled at m in a part of the stand and having a hand-wheel n for rotating it.

The device for applying constricting pres sure in the present case is a cord or wire 0. One end is attached to an eye 72 on a carriage which may travel parallel with the axis of the mandrel on a bed or frame 1' supporting 'the stands 9 and k. A bight may be taken in the other end of the device 0 around a hook s on the carriage. The carriage has a nut t in engagement with the rotary screw to journaled in frame r parallel with the axis of the mandrel and connected with shaft 0 by gearing v in such manner that when the shaft as viewed from the left in Fig.1 is rotated clockwise the direction of rotation of the screw will be such as to cause the carriage to travel to the right in Fig. 1, or in the direction of convergence of the taper a I The nut t may be shifted into or out of engagement with the screw by a handle t. 'w is a stop or gage which determines the starting point of the carriage and against which 1t is shifted after each traverse to the right.

Assuming the mandrel carrying the body A is held clamped between the two face plates, the operator passe the device 0 one or more times around the body and then forms a bight in its free end around the hook a. In doing this hepreferably draws the device 0 sufliclently taut so that its wrappings, which lie side by side, will contract the body A to the tapered form of the mandrel, creasing or wrinkling the material thereof, the creases or wrinkles thus produced usually being formed in a way to proect or reach all in the direction in which the winding or wra ping takes place. Then, while holdlng the e end of the device 0 so as to maintain the latter taut, the mandrel with the y A is rotated relatively to the device by setting the ulley in rotation, while meanwhile the device is traversed longitudinally of the axis of the mandrel bec u e o th g gement of the scr w it with the nut t which at the outset has been established. The wrinkles or creases, generated as the result of wrapping the cord 0 around the body A in the tapered region of the mandrel, will thus be developed or continued and starting as more or less minute ones they will usually reach, and also increase in width to the transverse place where the constricting pressure is made to stop progressing toward the apex of the taper. The folds or creases are not necessarily all enerated in the same transverse lane ome, as those marked 1 in Fig. 4, wilFstart about where the taper 0, begins and others,

as 2, will start further on, in alternation with the-folds or creases 1. In any event, as the result of the constricting pressure, the sheet material of the body A is, as it were, progressively molded to the form of the conical portion a of the mandrel, the folds or creases being so sharp and well defined that, especially with the wax present on the paper, the tapered form given the article is of a lasting and substantial character. Instead of wrapping the cord 0 around the body A in the region of the tapered portion of the mandrel it might be wrapped around the cylindrical portion of the mandrel so that upon being drawn taut and the rotation and traverse being established the forming of the creases or wrinkles will be the result from the outset of slippage of the wrappings or convolutions of the cord.

In forming a milk bottle with a tapered portion provision should be made for a head or enlargement thereon and also for a seat within the head or enlargement for a bottle cap, such as the usual past-board cap. Therefore the constricting pressure may be maintained so that it first encounters the angle at 3 in Figs. 2 and 3 and then passes off to the end of the tube A, so as to form the enlargement or head 4: and the interior seat 5 for the bottle cap, the creased or folded formation of course in such case con tinuing to the end of the tube, since it is still contracted in diameter. When the head 4 and shoulder 5 have thus been formed, the edge portion of the tube may if desired be inturned, as at 6 in Fig. 5 to reinforce the head and ive a finish thereto.

On the s aping of each article as described the device 0 is released and removed, the wheel n turned so thatmandrel carrying the article may be removed, and the nut 6 disconnected and the carriage slid back, whereupon the apparatus is ready for another forming operation.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. The hereindescribed method of forming a substantially tubular body of yielding ma- ,terial with a tapered portion which consists in lacing said body on a tapered mandrel an then applying constricting pressure to the body in a zone cutting the tapered portion of the mandrel and simultaneously causing vrelative rotation around the axis of the body as between said body and the pressure-applying medium and also effecting movement of one of the latter relatively to the other lengthwise of said axis and so that said pressure will progress in the direction of convergence of the taper.

2. The hereindescribed method of forminga substantially tubular body of yielding material with a tapered portion which consists in placing said body on a tapered mandrel and then applying continuous constricting pressure to the body in a zone cutting the tapered portion of the mandrel and simultaneously causin relative rotation around the axis of the body as between said bodyand the pressure-applying medium and also effecting movement of one of the latter relatively to the other lengthwise of said axis and so that said pressure will progress in the direction of convergence of the ta er.

3. he hereindescribed method of forming a substantially tubular body of yielding material with a tapered portion which consists in placing said body on a tapered mandrel having a shoulder at the smaller end of and facing reversely to the taper and then applying constricting pressure to the body in a zone cutting the tapered portion of the mandrel and simultaneously causing relative rotation around the axis of the body as between said body and the pressure-applying medium and also effecting movement of one of the latter relatively to the other lengthwise of said axis and so that said pressure will progress in the direction of convergence of the taper and past the shoulder.

4. The hereindescribed method of forming a substantially tubular body of yielding material with a tapered portion which consists in placing said body on a tapered mandrel whose greatest diameter said body interiorly approximates and then wrapping an attenuated flexible device around the body in the region of the tapered portion of the mandrel with sufficient constricting pressure to contract said body to the tapered portion of the mandrel, starting the wrapping in a zone approximating the greatest diameter of-the mandrel.

5. The hereindescribed method of forming a substantially tubular body of yielding material with a tapered portion which consists in placing said body on a tapered mandrel and then applying continuous constricting pressure to the body in a zone cutting the tapered portion of the mandrel and also effecting movement as betweensaid body and the pressure-applying medium lengthwise of the axis of said body and so that said pressure will progress in the direction of convergence of the taper. s

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

MACK M. SCHWER. 

